| 诗词 | 长干行 李白 |
| 释义 | 长干行 年代：【唐】 作者：【李白】 体裁：【乐府】 类别：【】 妾发初覆额，折花门前剧。 郎骑竹马来，绕床弄青梅。 同居长干里，两小无嫌猜。 十四为君妇，羞颜未尝开。 低头向暗壁，千唤不一回。 十五始展眉，愿同尘与灰。 常存抱柱信，岂上望夫台。 十六君远行，瞿塘滟滪堆。 五月不可触，猿声天上哀。 门前迟行迹，一一生绿苔。 苔深不能扫，落叶秋风早。 八月蝴蝶来，双飞西园草。 感此伤妾心，坐愁红颜老。 早晚下三巴，预将书报家。 相迎不道远，直至长风沙。 忆妾深闺里，烟尘不曾识。 嫁与长干人，沙头候风色。 五月南风兴，思君下巴陵。 八月西风起，想君发扬子。 去来悲如何，见少离别多。 湘潭几日到，妾梦越风波。 昨夜狂风度，吹折江头树。 淼淼暗无边，行人在何处。 好乘浮云骢，佳期兰渚东。 鸳鸯绿蒲上，翡翠锦屏中。 自怜十五馀，颜色桃花红。 那作商人妇，愁水复愁风。 【注释】 长干行：属乐府《杂曲歌辞》调名。长干里：在今南京市，当年系船民集居之地，故《长干曲》多抒发船家女子的感情。抱柱信：曲出《庄子·盗跖篇》，写尾生与一女子相约于桥下，女子未到而突然涨水，尾生守信而不肯离去，抱着柱子被水淹死。滟堆：三峡之一瞿塘峡峡口的一块大礁石，农历五月涨水没礁，船只易触礁翻沉。长风沙：地名，在今安徽省安庆市的长江边上，距南京约７００里。 1、床：这里指坐具。 2、不道远：不会嫌远。 3、长风沙：地名，在今安徽安庆市东的长江边上。地极湍险 【简析】： 这是一首爱情叙事诗，从两人天真烂漫的童年到丈夫远离后深深的思念，将初嫁时的羞涩、新婚的喜悦和坚贞不渝的心愿写得十分细腻生动。由于这首诗千百年来脍炙人口，“青梅竹马，两小无猜”也就成了后世用来比喻童年相好而成夫妻的成语 酒牢觥浚?这是一首写商妇的爱情和离别的诗。诗以商妇的自白，用缠绵婉转的笔调，抒写 了她对远出经商丈夫的真挚的爱和深深的思念。 诗的开头六句是回忆与丈夫孩提时“青梅竹马，两小无猜”的情景，为读者塑了 一对少年儿童天真无邪，活泼可爱的形象。“十四为君妇”四句，是细腻地刻划初婚 的羞涩，重现了新婚的甜蜜醉人。“十五始展眉”四句，写婚后的热恋和恩爱，山盟 海誓，如胶似漆。“十六君远行”四句，写遥思丈夫远行经商，并为之担心受怕，缠 绵悱恻，深沉无限。“门前迟行迹”八句，写触景生情，忧思不断，颜容憔悴。最后 四句，写寄语亲人，望其早归。把思念之情更推进一步。 全诗形象完整明丽，活泼动人。感情细腻，缠绵婉转；语言坦白，音节和谐；格 调清新隽永，是诗歌艺术上品。“青梅竹马”“两小无猜”，已成描摹幼男幼女天真 无邪情谊的佳语。 --引自"超纯斋诗词"bookbest.163.net 翻译、评析：刘建勋 ? A SONG OF CHANGGAN My hair had hardly covered my forehead. I was picking flowers, paying by my door, When you, my lover, on a bamboo horse, Came trotting in circles and throwing green plums. We lived near together on a lane in Ch'ang-kan, Both of us young and happy-hearted. ...At fourteen I became your wife, So bashful that I dared not smile, And I lowered my head toward a dark corner And would not turn to your thousand calls; But at fifteen I straightened my brows and laughed, Learning that no dust could ever seal our love, That even unto death I would await you by my post And would never lose heart in the tower of silent watching. ...Then when I was sixteen, you left on a long journey Through the Gorges of Ch'u-t'ang, of rock and whirling water. And then came the Fifth-month, more than I could bear, And I tried to hear the monkeys in your lofty far-off sky. Your footprints by our door, where I had watched you go, Were hidden, every one of them, under green moss, Hidden under moss too deep to sweep away. And the first autumn wind added fallen leaves. And now, in the Eighth-month, yellowing butterflies Hover, two by two, in our west-garden grasses And, because of all this, my heart is breaking And I fear for my bright cheeks, lest they fade. ...Oh, at last, when you return through the three Pa districts, Send me a message home ahead! And I will come and meet you and will never mind the distance, All the way to Chang-feng Sha. 【出处】唐诗三百首，全唐诗：卷26_39，全唐诗：卷163_25 |
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